Iraq War

Type: territorial · Status: ended · 2 countries

A protracted armed conflict that began with the invasion of Iraq by a United States-led coalition. The war led to the overthrow of Saddam Hussein's government, followed by a long insurgency and sectarian violence that destabilized the region for years.

Peloponnesian War

Type: territorial · Status: ended · 2 countries

A protracted conflict between the Delian League led by Athens and the Peloponnesian League led by Sparta. It fundamentally altered the Greek world, ending the Athenian Golden Age and leading to Spartan hegemony, though the war left all of Greece exhausted and vulnerable to future conquest.

World War II

Type: world_war · Status: ended · 5 countries

A global conflict involving the vast majority of the world's countries, forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis. It was the deadliest conflict in human history, resulting in 70 to 85 million fatalities, the Holocaust, and the use of nuclear weapons.

Second Punic War

Type: territorial · Status: ended · 2 countries

A major conflict between the Roman Republic and the Carthaginian Empire, primarily fought over dominance in the Western Mediterranean. It featured Hannibal's famous crossing of the Alps and ended with Roman hegemony.

Iraq War

Type: territorial · Status: ended · 2 countries

A protracted armed conflict that began with the invasion of Iraq by a United States-led coalition that overthrew the government of Saddam Hussein.

World War II

Type: world_war · Status: ended · 5 countries

A global conflict involving the vast majority of the world's countries, forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis. It was the deadliest conflict in human history.

Persian Wars

Type: territorial · Status: ended · 2 countries

A series of conflicts between the Greek city-states and the Persian Empire, initiated by the Ionian Revolt and culminating in the Battle of Plataea, leading to Greek independence and the decline of Persian influence in the Aegean.

Roman Civil Wars

Type: civil · Status: ended · 1 countries

A series of civil wars in Rome, including the conflict between Julius Caesar and Pompey, leading to the end of the Roman Republic and the rise of the Roman Empire.

Punic Wars

Type: territorial · Status: ended · 2 countries

A series of three wars between Rome and Carthage, primarily over control of the western Mediterranean, culminating in the complete destruction of Carthage and Rome's dominance in the region.

Peloponnesian War

Type: civil · Status: ended · 5 countries

A protracted conflict between Athens and Sparta, along with their respective allies, over dominance in the Greek world, resulting in the eventual defeat of Athens and the end of its golden age.

Alexander's Conquests

Type: territorial · Status: ended · 4 countries

The military campaigns of Alexander the Great, resulting in the creation of one of the largest empires in history, stretching from Greece to Egypt and into India.

Persian Wars

Type: territorial · Status: ended · 2 countries

A series of conflicts between Greek city-states and the Persian Empire, including notable battles such as Marathon, Thermopylae, and Salamis.

Trojan War

Type: territorial · Status: ended · 2 countries

A legendary conflict between the city of Troy and the Greek states, famously chronicled in Homer's epics. The war's historicity is debated, but it has been a significant cultural touchstone.

Persian Wars

Type: territorial · Status: ended · 2 countries

A series of conflicts between the Greek city-states and the Persian Empire, including notable battles such as Marathon, Thermopylae, and Salamis.

Persian Wars

Type: territorial · Status: ended · 2 countries

A series of conflicts between the Greek city-states and the Persian Empire, including notable battles such as Marathon, Thermopylae, and Salamis.

Russo-Turkish War (1768–1774)

Type: Regional War · Status: ended · 2 countries

A significant conflict between the Russian Empire and the Ottoman Empire, resulting in Russian territorial gains and increased influence in Eastern Europe.

Persian Wars

Type: ancient · Status: ended · 2 countries

A series of conflicts between Greek city-states and the Persian Empire, including notable battles such as Marathon, Thermopylae, and Salamis.

Nigerian-Biafran War

Type: civil · Status: ended · 1 countries

Biafran secession war and siege, resulting in famine that killed millions of Igbo civilians.

First Gulf War (Iran-Iraq)

Type: territorial · Status: ended · 2 countries

8-year brutal war, Saddam Hussein attacks post-revolutionary Iran, resulting in stalemate.

Lebanese Civil War

Type: civil · Status: ended · 4 countries

Sectarian civil war devastated Lebanon with involvement of Palestinian factions, Syria and Israel.

Arab Spring Conflicts

Type: civil · Status: ended · 6 countries

Wave of pro-democracy uprisings across the Arab world toppling dictators in several countries.

Western Sahara War

Type: territorial · Status: ended · 4 countries

Morocco and Mauritania vs. Polisario Front guerrillas for control of Western Sahara.

Schmalkaldic War

Type: religious · Status: ended · 2 countries

War between Holy Roman Emperor Charles V and the Schmalkaldic League of Protestant princes.

Yom Kippur War

Type: territorial · Status: ended · 3 countries

Egypt and Syria launched a surprise attack on Israel on Yom Kippur, nearly succeeding before Israeli counterattack.

Mexican Revolution

Type: civil · Status: ended · 1 countries

Armed conflict transforming Mexican society with figures like Pancho Villa and Emiliano Zapata.

Peruvian Conflict (Shining Path)

Type: civil · Status: ended · 2 countries

Maoist insurgency by Shining Path against the Peruvian government.

Fall of the Western Roman Empire

Type: territorial · Status: ended · 4 countries

Series of conflicts leading to the collapse of the Western Roman Empire.

Eighty Years' War

Type: territorial · Status: ended · 2 countries

Dutch independence war against Spanish Hapsburg rule.

Seven Years' War

Type: territorial · Status: ended · 6 countries

First global conflict, fought across five continents. Britain emerged as the dominant colonial power.

Second Opium War

Type: colonial · Status: ended · 3 countries

Britain and France fought China to expand trade rights and opium commerce.

Sierra Leone Civil War

Type: civil · Status: ended · 3 countries

Brutal civil war featuring mass amputations by rebels, ended with UN and British intervention.

Zulu War

Type: colonial · Status: ended · 2 countries

British invasion of Zululand, eventually defeating the Zulu Kingdom.

Suez Crisis

Type: territorial · Status: ended · 4 countries

Israel, Britain, and France invaded Egypt after Nasser nationalized the Suez Canal.

American Revolutionary War

Type: territorial · Status: ended · 4 countries

The thirteen American colonies fought for independence from the British Empire.

Third Crusade

Type: religious · Status: ended · 4 countries

Launched after Saladin's capture of Jerusalem, led by Richard I of England.

First Sino-Japanese War

Type: territorial · Status: ended · 2 countries

Conflict over control of Korea and influence in East Asia.

Indonesian Occupation of East Timor

Type: colonial · Status: ended · 2 countries

Indonesia's brutal occupation of East Timor, killing one-third of the population.

Chinese Civil War

Type: civil · Status: ended · 1 countries

War between the Chinese Nationalist Party (Kuomintang) and the Chinese Communist Party.

Spanish Conquest of the Inca Empire

Type: colonial · Status: ended · 2 countries

Francisco Pizarro conquers the Inca Empire in South America.

Biafran War

Type: civil · Status: ended · 2 countries

Nigeria's civil war against the breakaway state of Biafra, killing millions through conflict and famine.

Kosovo War

Type: territorial · Status: ended · 3 countries

NATO intervention in Kosovo to stop Yugoslav military and police forces from ethnic cleansing.

Haitian Revolution

Type: civil · Status: ended · 4 countries

The only successful slave revolt in history, leading to Haiti's independence.

Vietnam War

Type: civil · Status: ended · 5 countries

Prolonged Cold War conflict. North Vietnamese communists ultimately unified Vietnam under communism.

Nagorno-Karabakh War (2020)

Type: territorial · Status: ended · 2 countries

Azerbaijan recaptured much of Nagorno-Karabakh with Turkish-backed drone warfare.

Ethiopian Civil War

Type: civil · Status: ended · 2 countries

Communist Derg regime overthrown after prolonged civil war and independence struggle in Eritrea.

English Civil War

Type: civil · Status: ended · 1 countries

War between Parliamentarians and Royalists, resulting in the execution of King Charles I.

Cambodian Genocide

Type: civil · Status: ended · 1 countries

Khmer Rouge under Pol Pot killed 2 million Cambodians (25% of population) in the Killing Fields.

Second Chechen War

Type: civil · Status: ended · 2 countries

Putin's military campaign restored Russian control over Chechnya.

Greco-Turkish War

Type: territorial · Status: ended · 2 countries

Conflict over Greek territorial expansion into Anatolia, ending with a major Greek defeat.

Mozambican Civil War

Type: civil · Status: ended · 4 countries

Post-independence civil war between FRELIMO government and South Africa-backed RENAMO.